Driver responses to speed camera enforcement
Road traffic accidents are a major source of mortality and morbidity in the United Kingdom. Speed is a known risk factor for accident risk, and speed cameras are being increasingly used to control vehicle speeds. However, if cameras are to be effective in modifying behaviour, it is important to understand how drivers respond to them. This research was undertaken using a postal questionnaire of drivers observed passing a speed camera in the county of Norfolk, England. Respondents were classified into a four category typology of conformers, deterred drivers, manipulators or defiers. Views and attitudes towards speed cameras and speed related behaviour were compared between groups. Differing perceptions and knowledge of the four types partially explained driving styles. Conformers and deterred drivers were least likely to exceed speed limits and were most favourable towards camera enforcement. Manipulators and defiers were younger, less experienced motorists who felt that they were unlikely to be prosecuted. This view means that manipulators and defiers are most difficult drivers to target for behavioural modification. In conclusion, the driver groups studied clearly showed divergent views and opinions. In order to improve the deterrent effect of speed cameras, specifically designed strategies should be used for the different groups.
In: Road Traffic: Safety, Modeling, and Impacts, Nova Publishers, NY, USA, pp 200-238.